A new study points out a sharp rise in trench collapses and workers suffering serious, sometimes fatal, injuries due to this type of preventable construction accident. In 2022, trenching and excavation work claimed 39 lives — more than double the 15 deaths recorded in all of 2021. This spike has led OSHA to intensify enforcement efforts to safeguard workers from industry hazards.
The Center for Construction Research and Training study is based on federal data that examines fatal and nonfatal trenching injuries, as well as OSHA citations and penalties for violations of such failures. Researchers argue that increased penalties and enforcement may significantly reduce future trench collapse incidents.
Spike in excavation accidents prompts concern
OSHA, for its part, has pledged to step up efforts.
"Every one of these tragedies could have been prevented had employers complied with OSHA standards," Assistant Secretary for Occupational Safety and Health Doug Parker said in a statement. "There simply is no excuse for ignoring safety requirements to prevent trench collapses and cave-ins, and leaving families, friends and co-workers to grieve when the solutions are so well-understood."
Slope it. Shore it. Shield it.
Trench collapses are a serious safety issue in construction and excavation. Recent trench collapse incidents in San Diego include a plumber looking for an underground pipe at Bonita Mall who was trapped when a La Jolla trench collapsed on a summer afternoon last year. He was stuck in the trench for five hours, pinned under a large piece of concrete, as firefighters using shovels dug him out.
Here's a detailed list of reasons why trench collapse occurs:
- Improper Shoring or Shielding: Trenches need adequate shoring or shielding to prevent collapse. If these systems are not correctly installed or are missing, the trench walls can easily give way under the pressure of the surrounding soil.
- Soil Type and Condition. Different types of soil have varying stability. For example, sandy or loose soil is less stable than clay. Changes in soil moisture, such as from rain, can also reduce soil strength and increase the risk of collapse.
- Overloading. Placing heavy equipment, materials, or spoil (excavated soil) too close to the trench edge can destabilize the trench walls. The weight can exert additional pressure on the soil, causing it to collapse.
- Improper Excavation Practices. Excavating trenches too wide or deep without proper support can compromise trench stability. Steep trench slopes or benching techniques unsuited for soil type can lead to collapse.
- Vibration and Shock. Nearby construction activities, such as heavy machinery or pile driving, can cause vibrations that destabilize trench walls, leading to soil displacement and collapse.
- Water Accumulation. Water infiltration from rainfall, groundwater, or leaks can erode trench walls and reduce soil stability. Accumulated water adds weight and can cause soil to become more fluid and prone to collapse.
- Lack of Inspection and Maintenance. Trenches must be regularly inspected for signs of potential failure. Failure to monitor changes in the trench environment, such as cracks or bulging walls, can lead to unforeseen collapses.
- Improper Training and Supervision. Workers not trained in safe trenching practices may not recognize signs of potential collapse or how to set up and maintain trench support systems properly. Lack of supervision can lead to unsafe practices.
- Utility Interference. Existing utilities, such as water or sewer lines, can affect trench stability. Their presence can weaken soil or cause unexpected ground movement during excavation.
- Unexpected Soil Conditions. Conditions like previously disturbed soil or hidden obstructions can affect trench stability. Unforeseen changes in the soil composition or structure can cause trench walls to collapse.
Proper planning, excavation techniques, and safety measures are crucial to prevent trench collapses and protect workers.
Seeking legal help after a trench collapse accident
Construction accidents in San Diego and throughout Southern California are all too common, but navigating the aftermath of a work injury can be challenging. Robert A. McLaughlin, APC, has the knowledge and experience to manage every detail of your claim and secure the maximum compensation you deserve under California law. Discover how an experienced attorney can help you find your way forward after being injured in a construction accident. Contact us today for a free case review.